| Solutions |
Description |
Comments on Application |
| Increase pedestrian accessibility |
Dedicated pedestrian routes expanded or established. Pedestrian
precincts created. |
As income rises, tendency is to increase per capita use of
motor vehicles. Safe pedestrian areas can support higher quality of life. |
| Increase bicycle accessibility |
Dedicated bicycle lanes and pathways created. Workers encouraged
to ride bikes to work with bike racks, showers, change rooms, etc. |
As income rises, tendency is to increase per capita use of
motor vehicles. Safe cycling can support higher quality of life. |
| Improve animal haulage and cartage, separate from motor vehicle
traffic |
Urban roads made safer and more convenient for use by both
motor vehicles and draught animals. |
May be difficult to achieve in practice, due to road space
requirements and need for sanitation. |
| Expand use of "jitneys" and taxis |
Systems established and financed to encourage private sector
operators of jitneys and taxis to serve as lower-cost urban transport. |
Requires transparency of administration and fairness in allocating
licences. |
| Provide for expanded use of individual motor vehicles |
Urban roads and streets widened and extended to facilitate
faster and higher-volume use by individual automobiles, taxis, and trucks. |
Tendency for wider roads to attract more traffic. Can be mitigated
partly through car-pooling requirements or incentives. |
| Expand routes and service of buses and trolley buses |
Urban buses and trolley bus services expanded; increased ridership
promoted. |
Mixture of bus and automobile traffic tends to slow both.
Dedicated bus lanes offer some relief. |
| Use electric streetcars/trams |
Urban streetcar lines and services expanded; increased ridership
promoted. |
Substantial capital cost; works best where higher-density
residential and commercial areas are served. |
| Offer underground rapid transit |
Transit services built or expanded; increased ridership promoted. |
High capital cost; high densities needed; technologically
complicated. |
| Offer elevated rapid transit |
Transit services built or expanded; increased ridership promoted. |
High capital cost; high densities needed; technologically
complicated. |
| Expand railway commuter systems |
Commuter rail services created or expanded, stations added;
increased ridership promoted. |
Using existing lines can offer lower costs than dedicated
mass transit lines. |
